High-Functioning CPTSD learned to look fine and function well, even as parts of you go numb or...
This post is for CPTSD therapists and experienced clients. I will first summarize what I personally believe to be the key points in choosing a modality for Complex PTSD, then introduce various modalities, list resources for Complex Trauma Treatment, and then book recommendations that can be read by clients and therapists for CPTSD.
Reading Time: Approximately 10 minutes.
Introduction of CPTSD Modality Recent Trends
CPTSD can make it hard to manage emotions, trust others, or feel good about yourself, and can even show up as chronic body tension. No single modality can address all of that by itself. That’s why so many different approaches exist, but none of them is a one-size-fits-all “best” method.
Many clients may not have even received a CPTSD diagnosis, because it’s only in ICD-11, not in the DSM-IV. Most trauma treatments are still fairly new, and research on them is limited, often for PTSD rather than CPTSD, so finding what works for you usually involves some trial and error, guided by your unique history and needs.
Think of this post as me sharing my understanding, not giving you a fixed treatment plan. What matters most is the fit between you and your therapist, and their maturity, patience, and genuine curiosity about you, which matters far more than any specific technique.
I. Key points when choosing a modality for complex PTSD treatment
1. The Three-Stage Model of Trauma Treatment
For the treatment of Complex PTSD CPTSD, the consensus now is that the three-phase model of PTSD trauma treatment may still be appropriate, although the three phases are not linear and may have various overlapping and recurring time periods:
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Stage 1: Safety and Stabilization establishes the therapeutic relationship and helps the clients learn grounding and other stabilizing techniques for regulating emotions.
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Stage 2: Remembrance and Mourning, processing traumatic memories and mourning the loss of the past. This phase involves using the skills learned in Phase I and co-regulating with the counselor.
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Stage 3: Reconnection and Integration Integration of the trauma narrative into life experiences, building a new life, reintegrating into society, and moving from victim to survivor.
2. Focus of Complex PTSD Treatment
What we need to pay attention to again and again in this process is this:
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Establishing a safe relationship is very important: regardless of the approach, first ensuring that the therapeutic relationship is safe enough to allow the clients to slightly dare to risk reviewing his or her traumatic experiences and experiences is crucial to the recovery of CPTSD.
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Integration orientation is prioritized: cognitive-only or body-only therapies are often limited in their effectiveness, and combining multiple dimensions of body, mind, emotions, and relationships is more appropriate for complex trauma.
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Skills + Deep Processing + Attachment Work: We can start with skills training like STAIR or DBT to build stability. Then we might use CPT to work on negative beliefs, and IFS, Ego State, or NARM to gently address deeper memories. For stress that shows up in your body, we can use somatic approaches like Sensorimotor or Focusing. And relational psychoanalysis helps you heal within the safety of our therapeutic relationship. If certain negative beliefs feel stuck, EMDR or Brainspotting can help target them. Just keep in mind that these three phases overlap, so we’ll likely need to adjust our plan along the way
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Cultural and linguistic matching: Language and cultural experiences can jointly affect the quality of therapy, especially in the case of multicultural clients.
II. CPTSD Modalities based on sensory awareness of the body and traumatic energy release
1. Sensorimotor Psychotherapy (SP)
Sensorimotor Psychotherapy (SP), developed by Dr. Pat Ogden, is a fusion of modern neuroscience, attachment theory, and work on the body level. SP emphasizes "the body as an information system," and understands and assists in understanding how past trauma is expressed at the body level through muscle tension, movement patterns, and breathlessness. The therapist uses movement exercises and body awareness to help the client release traumatic energy and recreate safer neural response circuits. The therapist also welcomes clients to pay attention to how their own bodily responses change in the relationship after certain behaviors or actions of the counselor, and how they are reminded of their own needs in the relationship.
**There are many similarities between SP and SE in that they both focus on the emergence, development, and direction of bodily feelings during a traumatic event; the differences are broadly that SP focuses more on attachment and the flow of energy in the relationship, and also focuses on structural dissociative DID, whereas SE focuses more on directing the bodily release of the energy of a single traumatic event. Both approaches can also be combined with TRE, which is more purely a method of promoting muscle tremors.
Recommended Books:
The Pocket Guide to Sensorimotor Psychotherapy in Context, Pat Ogden. A simple and comprehensive introduction, desk book.
Trauma and the Body: A Sensorimotor Approach to Psychotherapy. by Pat Ogden, Kekuni Minton, Clare Pain, Daniel J. Siegel, very easy to read introduction, well worth a look.
Sensorimotor Psychotherapy Interventions for Trauma and Attachment, by Pat Ogden, Janina Fisher. This is a study book for counselors, but overall sensory-based therapies must still be mastered with sensory training, and just reading the book There will be a lot of questions.
2. Somatic Experiencing (SE)
Developed by Dr. Peter A. Levine, Somatic Experiencing emphasizes the connection between traumatic memories and bodily responses, and gradually releases the traumatic energy accumulated over time by paying careful attention to bodily sensations. Rather than relying on recounting the details of the trauma, the process helps the clients to become aware of and reframe the body's reactions to tension, pain, or stiffness in a safe environment. It is important to note that the Polyvagal theory, on which SE is based, has been criticized by neurologists and is not scientifically proven, but this does not contradict the fact that SE is effective on a clinical level, only that we don't yet know how to explain it. SE is more suitable for single trauma, such as car accidents, etc., and if used for CPTSD, it is best to integrate it with other relationship-oriented therapies.
Recommended books:
Waking the Tiger: Healing Trauma, Peter A. Levine, Ann Frederick, The book that brought the bodywork approach to the masses.
The Body Keeps the Score: Brain, Mind, Body in the Healing of Trauma, Bessel van der Kolk, another accessible introduction to bodywork for the general public.
In an Unspoken Voice: How the Body Releases Trauma and Restores Goodness, Peter A. Levine. A more detailed description of the process of releasing traumatic energy.
3. EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing)
EMDR is a relatively mature research method that is widely used in PTSD treatment. It believes that traumatic memories continue to cause pain because they are stored in the nervous system in an unintegrated form. During treatment, the client recalls traumatic fragments in a safe environment while bilateral stimulation (e.g., eye movements, alternating left and right taps, or sound stimulation) helps the brain reprocess these memories from highly emotional present experiences to past events that have already occurred. In the context of CPTSD, EMDR usually needs to be applied in a more staged manner, with stabilization and resource building (e.g., emotional regulation, establishing a sense of safety), followed by gradual processing of key traumatic memories, and finally integrating new self-perceptions and beliefs. CPTSD visits may be more suited to a physically oriented or relationally oriented treatment first, and then moving on to the memory reprocessing stage. Clients with DID or dissociation need more time to determine suitability, sometimes a year or two before entering EMDR to avoid re-traumatization.
Recommended Books:
EMDR Therapy: How to Heal Depression, Anxiety and PTSD Through EMDR, Patrick K. Simon. The author is a very authoritative EMDR therapist and several of his books are well written.
Gaslighting and EMDR Therapy: How to Recognize and Heal From Narcissistic Abuse and PTSD Through EMDR Therapy, Patrick K. Simon.
EMDR Therapy and Somatic Psychology Interventions to Enhance Embodiment in Trauma Treatment, Barb Maiberger, Arielle Schwartz, Robin Shapiro. EMDR and Somatic Approaches to Integration.
EMDR Toolbox: Theory and Treatment of Complex PTSD and Dissociation, James Knipe. Handbook of Treatment Tools for EMDR.
Healing the Heart of Trauma and Dissociation with EMDR and Ego State Therapy, Carol Forgash, Margaret Copeley, Combining EMDR and Ego State approaches to therapy.
4. Tension & Trauma Releasing Exercise (TRE)
TRE is a set of self-directed bodywork exercises that promote natural muscle tremors to release accumulated tension over time. It is a complementary trauma-release method that is often used in conjunction with other psychotherapies.
5. Brainspotting
Brainspotting is a trauma reprocessing method developed by David Grand. It assumes that specific eye gaze positions (brainspot) are associated with unprocessed traumatic memory networks in the brain. During the session, the client is guided by the therapist to find a brainspot that is associated with emotional activation, allowing the nervous system to naturally complete the processing while remaining aware of bodily sensations and emotional experiences.
Recommended book:
Brainspotting: The Revolutionary New Therapy for Rapid and Effective Change, David Grand, a relatively easy-to-read introduction.
6. Deep Brain Reorienting (DBR)
DBR, proposed by Frank Corrigan, is based on neuroscience research and focuses on the primitive orienting response of the brain at the moment of trauma. It is theorized that at the moment of trauma, individuals experience a very brief orienting and alerting response (at the brainstem level), followed by strong emotions (e.g., fear, shame) and a defense response. If this early orienting process is suppressed or frozen, the trauma may linger for a long time in a highly automatic form. In therapy, instead of moving directly into strong emotions, DBR very slowly guides the clients to become aware of those very subtle bodily reactions-such as eye orientations, neck tension, and facial muscle changes-and to stay in these pre-emotional stages, allowing the nervous system to More than any other somatic therapy, DBR focuses on slowly observing the very short reaction processes that precede and follow the formation of trauma.
Recommended book:
Deep Brain Reorienting: Understanding the Neuroscience of Trauma, Attachment Wounding, and DBR Psychotherapy, Frank M. Corrigan, Hannah Young. Early trauma treatment is described.
6. Somatic Trauma Therapy (STT) and Integral Somatic Therapy (IST)
STT and IST emphasize the integration of the body and mind, recognizing that trauma is not only at the level of memory, but is also stored in the body. The therapist helps the client pay attention to bodily sensations and gradually releases these "trapped" energies through self-regulation techniques. They are based on the integration of SE and have many similarities.
7. Bioenergetic Analysis
Bioenergetic Analysis focuses on the connection between body postures, sensations and emotions, and promotes emotional release through physical movement and sensory release, which is a kind of deep psychotherapy emphasizing body expression.
III. Cognitive and skill-training oriented modalities that can be used for CPTSD
1. Cognitive Processing Therapy (CPT)
CPT is a systematic cognitive-behavioral therapy that helps clients identify and reconstruct distorted perceptions of self and the world so that trauma no longer has an uncontrolled impact on emotions. Commonly used in the early stages of PTSD and CPTSD, CPT is a cognitive-behavioral therapy based on exposure therapy, and is highly recommended by the APA for the treatment of PTSD, so every trauma counselor should be familiar with it (and it's very inexpensive to train for :)
Recommended book:
Cognitive Processing Therapy for PTSD: A Comprehensive Therapist Manual. Patricia A Resick, Candice M Monson, Kathleen M Chard. Very comprehensive book that covers basically everything in the training, and the companion website has more resources.
2. Skills Training in Affective and Interpersonal Regulation (STAIR)
STAIR focuses on improving emotional regulation skills and interpersonal interactions, and is a structured training program for CPTSD cases. It uses a series of exercises to help clients understand and regulate their emotions and to improve their communication and relationship management skills, which are particularly important for people who have experienced long-term trauma.
Recommended Book:
Treating Survivors of Childhood Abuse and Interpersonal Trauma: Stair Narrative Therapy, Marylene Cloitre, Lisa R Cohen, Kile M Ortigo. A detailed and comprehensive introduction that is relatively easy to get It's easy to follow.
3. Trauma Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy TF-CBT
This is a variation of CBT based on traumatic memory processing that helps clients reorganize their trauma-related beliefs and emotional experiences in a safe way. While ordinary CBT may leave complex trauma clients feeling unaccepted and judged, TF-CBT specifically ameliorates this by emphasizing the importance of the client's subjective experience.
4. DBT-PTSD or DBT-CPTSD (Dialectical Behavior Therapy PTSD and CPTSD Adaptation)
DBT-PTSD or DBT-CPTSD combines the emotional regulation techniques of Dialectical Behavior Therapy with trauma treatment for those CPTSD cases that are accompanied by high mood swings and impulsive behavior. It is highly recommended that patients learn about this therapy either in advance of or in conjunction with trauma therapy and try to attend a group that teaches DBT techniques.
Recommended book:
The Dialectical Behavior Therapy Skills Workbook for CPTSD: Heal from Complex Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, Find Emotional Balance, and Take Back Your Life, Sheri Van Dijk. DBT Skills Workbook for CPTSD. This series of DBT skills manuals are pretty good, and there is also a good one for neurodiverse people.
5 Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT)
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy ACT is a cognitive-behavioral therapy that emphasizes psychological flexibility through acceptance of suffering, cognitive dissociation, living in the present moment, observing the self, clarifying values, and committing to action. The goal is not to eliminate discomfort, but to live with difficulties and live a meaningful life in accordance with values. It guides flexible coping with emotional flashbacks and a wide range of symptoms, fitting the core need for psychological flexibility in CPTSD.
Recommended book:
The Happiness Trap, Russ Harris, essential ACT reading.
ACT made simple: an easy-to-read primer on acceptance and commitment therapy, Russ Harris. A very easy-to-read book on ACT.
5. Narrative Therapy
Narrative therapy is a psychotherapeutic orientation that emphasizes the construction of meaning and the remodeling of identity. It recognizes that the problem is not equivalent to the person themselves, but rather the structure of the story in which the problem is trapped. For traumatized individuals, long-term trauma often shapes negative core narratives, such as "I am worthless" and "I will always be hurt". Narrative therapy helps individuals separate trauma from the "identity core" and develop a richer, more powerful self-narrative by externalizing problems, rewriting life stories, and reinforcing exceptional experiences. Narrative therapy is less about attachment, but can be integrated with it.
Recommended book:
What is narrative therapy?: An easy-to-read introduction, Alice Morgan. An easy-to-read introduction with many how-to scenarios.
IV. Depth oriented and relationally oriented modalities that can be used for CPTSD
1. Relational Psychoanalysis/Psychodynamic (RPA/Psychodynamic)
Relational Psychoanalysis suggests that trauma is not just an event that happened in the past, but an experience that occurs in a relationship and that this relational pattern is internalized and continues to shape the individual's sense of self and others. Prolonged neglect, humiliation, or emotional deprivation creates an internal "relational template" that unconsciously repeats familiar but painful interactions. For example, a person who was often neglected in childhood may be highly sensitive to the other person's silence in an intimate or therapeutic relationship, experiencing it as abandonment or denial. The core of therapy is not just explaining this pattern, but offering a different experience within the therapeutic relationship. For example, when a clients expresses anger, codependency, or shame, the therapist is able to steadily carry and consistently understandably connote these emotions, rather than withdrawing or fighting back. This new emotional experience slowly modifies internal relational expectations, allowing the individual to have more resilience and security in the reality of the relationship.
Recommended book:
Relational Psychotherapy: A Primer, Patricia A. DeYoung. Very lively cases and thought-provoking points on therapeutic relationship development. Relational therapy must still be learned in cases, and each case is different, challenging and interesting.
The Relational Revolution in Psychoanalysis and Psychotherapy, Steven Kuchuck. An introduction to the history and development of relational psychoanalysis, also with lively therapeutic cases.
Casebook of Interpersonal Psychotherapy, John C. Markowitz, Myrna M. Weissman. A casebook of interpersonal therapy.
2. Internal Family Systems (IFS)and Ego State Therapy (EST)
IFS and EST recognize that personality consists of multiple states or "parts" of the self, and that trauma may have left some of these parts in the emotional and developmental stage in which they existed at the time. For example, a person who is rational and mature in everyday life, but suddenly becomes extremely fearful or out of control during a conflict, may have a "wounded child part" activated. At the same time, there may be a "harsh critical part" that tries to maintain control through self-blame. The goal of therapy is not to eliminate one part, but to help the individual identify these different internal states, understand their protective functions, and develop a more integrated adult Self to harmonize the internal systems. During the trauma process, the therapist may guide the clients to reach out to that wounded part in a safe, stable way, providing the support and understanding that was missing that year, thus gradually reducing dissociation and internal conflict. Unlike psychoanalysis, which focuses on the relationship between the consultant and the interviewer, IFS focuses on the relationship between the client's own Self and the parts of Parts.
Recommended book:
No bad parts: Healing trauma and restoring wholeness with the internal family systems model, Richard Schwartz. IFS required reading.
Easy Ego State Interventions Strategies for Working With Parts, Robin Shapiro. A very clear book on Ego State.
Healing the Fragmented Selves of Trauma Survivors: Overcoming Internal Self-Alienation by Janina Fisher, An introduction to healing trauma with a parts approach, developed from IFS and Ego State.
Internal Family Systems Couple Therapy Skills Manual: Healing Relationships with Intimacy From the Inside Out by Toni Herbine-Blank, Martha Sweezy. ifs Utilization in Couple Therapy.
V. Experiential and body-relationship integrated modalities for CPTSD
1. Accelerated Experiential Dynamic Psychotherapy (AEDP)
AEDP (Accelerated Experiential Dynamic Psychotherapy) is a psychotherapeutic approach dedicated to transforming suffering and stimulating inner healing, helping clients to reprocess past trauma in the safety of relationships, so that negative emotional experiences can be transformed into vibrant vitality and resilience. This approach is often used to address attachment trauma and complex psychological distress, and is particularly strong in building healing relationships.
Recommended book:
Undoing Aloneness and the Transformation of Suffering Into Flourishing: AEDP 2.0, Diana Fosha. Detailed and comprehensive explanations, many practical examples.
Accelerated Experiential Dynamic Psychotherapy Workbook: Experiential Training Exercises and Scenarios for Clinicians and Trainees in AEDP Therapy , Dario Jeyco. Practical handbook.
2. Focusing-Oriented Therapy FOT / Relational Whole Body Focusing Oriented Therapy RWBFOT
Focusing-Oriented Therapy facilitates emotional release and deeper understanding by guiding the client into the inner feelings of the body, by "becoming aware of the feelings and then allowing them to unfold in the body". The relational Whole Body Focusing orientation adds an interpersonal dynamic to this, where the relational interaction with the client becomes a therapeutic resource in its own right.
Recommended book: Focusing in Clinical Practice: The Essence of Change, Ann Weiser Cornell, a study guide for counselors, a must-read book for learning focusing.
3. NeuroAffective Touch (NAT) / NeuroAffective Relational Model (NARM)
These approaches are developmental trauma and relationship dynamics oriented therapies that emphasize self and other relational models and neurological remodeling for security, and are appropriate for dealing with CPTSD cases that have suffered early trauma at the relationship or attachment level. The former will involve physical touch within the limits of the client's permission.
Recommended Book:
The Practical Guide for Healing Developmental Trauma: Using the NeuroAffective Relational Model to Address Adverse Childhood Experiences and Resolve Complex Trauma, Laurence Heller, Brad J. Kammer. After reading this book, I feel that although there is a lot of overlap between what NARM says and other therapies, this book summarizes the key points very well, and is very thorough in some areas.
4 . Biodynamic Craniosacral Therapy (BCST) andCraniosacral Therapy(CST)
BCST is a mind-body integrative therapy dedicated to returning to one's roots and stimulating inner self-healing, which helps the clients reconnect with the body's primal breath in a safe, present therapeutic relationship, transforming accumulated trauma and stress into holistic balance and vitality.CST is dedicated to evaluating and adjusting to promote the optimization of the central nervous system. CST (CranioSacral Therapy) is dedicated to assessing and adjusting, and promoting optimization of the central nervous system. This approach is commonly used for headaches, neck and back pain, temporomandibular joint disorders, and neurological problems.
5. Physiological Feedback BioFeedback and NeuroFeedback
BioFeedback focuses on how to connect the mind and body and enhance self-regulation. It uses electronic monitoring devices to help clients sense otherwise imperceptible physiological signals (e.g., heart rate, EMG, skin temperature, respiration, etc.) in real time, so that the body can return to a state of equilibrium from the stress response. This method is often used to deal with anxiety, chronic pain, high blood pressure, and stress-related physical and mental distress, and is especially effective in heart rate variability (HRV) training. NeuroFeedback, on the other hand, is dedicated to optimizing brainwaves and remodeling neurological pathways in brain function training methods, which monitors the brain's electrical activity (EEG) in real time through a number of instruments, helping clients learn to regulate specific brainwave frequencies (e.g., EEG, EEG, etc.) through game play or audio-visual feedback. It helps clients learn to regulate specific brainwave frequencies (such as theta, alpha, beta, etc.) during games or audio/video feedback, so as to restore the balance of over-active or over-suppressed neural networks, which is often used for neurodiversity or anxiety or depression brought about by PTSD.
6. Trauma Centered Sensitive Yoga TCTSY
This approach combines yoga with trauma sensitivity to aid in emotional regulation and body awareness through safe physical practices, often as a complement to mind-body integration.
Recommended Book:
Trauma-Informed Yoga: A Toolbox for Therapists, Joanne Spence, It feels primarily like trying to get the client to do yoga or meditation in small amounts as often as possible, slowly expanding the range of their feelings.
VI. Supportive and community resources for CPTSD
1. Psychological Organizations and Practice Networks
Here we list some of the global networks of institutions and counselors that focus on trauma and complex trauma:
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CPTSD Foundation
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ISTSS International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies
- Free programs for immigrant and refugee mental health practitioners in Toronto
- PTSD Center of America
- Healing Together Conference for DID clients and providers
- (to be added in the future )
2. Finding a counselor
My two related blogs:
VII. Self-help and Study Books for CPTSD Therapy
When reading these books you need to pay attention to your feelings, if you feel overwhelmed, you need to pause to appease yourself and not force yourself to look down.
1. Introduction to CPTSD and self-help
It's Okay Not to Forgive Complex PTSD: From Surviving to Thriving, Pete Walker, A very descriptive and basic and comprehensive introduction to CPTSD and treatment, many people have said it was like talking about themselves when they read it and couldn't read a lot at once.
It Wasn't Your Fault: Freeing Yourself from the Shame of Childhood Abuse with the Power of Self-Compassion, Beverly Enge, Kate Rudd Another must read for childhood trauma and especially shame healing.
What Happened To You, Oprah Winfrey, Bruce D. Perry, A book to help you understand the connection between what happened in childhood and how it manifests in the present.
Adult Children of Emotionally Immature Parents: How to Heal from Distant, Rejecting, or Self-Involved Parents, Lindsay C. Gibson, Anyway, these are books that a lot of people can't help but ache when they read them and laugh helplessly :)
DBT Self-Help Manual Workbook: Dialectical Behavior Therapy Skills Workbook with various editions for different issues such as anger, neurodiversity, CPTSD.
When the Body Says No: The Cost of Hidden Stress, Gabor Maté, a book that guides one to pay attention to how one's body feels. Note that the book's conclusion of a strong correlation between bodily feelings and disease has been met with disagreement in the scientific community; there may be a correlation, but not necessarily such a strong causal relationship.
PTSD and Trauma-Informed Mindfulness and Hypnosis Scripts, Valerie Stubbs, Meditation Words, can be read to mix & match yourself.
The Body Liberation Project How Understanding Racism and Diet Culture Helps Cultivate Joy and Build Collective Freedom, Chrissy King, a book about racial and diet culture trauma The Somatic Therapy Workbook.
The Somatic Therapy Workbook: Stress-Relieving Exercises for Strengthening the Mind-Body Connection and Sparking Emotional and Physical Healing, Livia Shapiro. Livia Shapiro.
Somatic Therapy Workbook: Exercises to Treat Trauma, Complex PTSD and Dissociation - Mindfulness, Self-Compassion, and the Mind- Body Approach to Reduce Stress and Heal Trauma, Yevhenii Lozovyi
Somatic psychotherapy toolbox: 125 worksheets and exercises to treat trauma stress. Mischke-Reeds, Manuela. The above books are all relevant exercises for somatic therapy.
2. CPTSD cases studies.
What My Bones Know: A Memoir of Healing from Complex Trauma, Stephanie Foo, Ten years on the road to healing for a child who grew up with emotional neglect and abuse typical of Asian families. Make sure you pay attention to your feelings when reading this and don't force yourself to read it all at once.
Good Morning, Monster: a Therapist Shares Five Heroic Stories of Emotional Recovery, Catherine Gildiner. Five stories of healing from deep trauma. Again, please pay more attention to how you feel as you read it.
My Grandmother's Hands: Racialized Trauma and the Pathway to Mending Our Hearts and Bodies, Resmaa Menakem, the author, who is also a therapist, describes her own experience as well as the healing process.
3. Learning about Trauma and Dissociation Treatment
Trauma And Recovery: the Aftermath of Violence-From Domestic Abuse to Political Terror, Judith Herman, Trauma and Recovery, Therapist who first mentioned CPTSD and the three stages of trauma therapy Required Reading.
Treating Trauma-Related Dissociation: a Practical, Integrative Approach. Onno van der Hart, Suzette Boon, Kathy Steele, An Integrative Approach to CPTSD primarily for therapists.
Coping with Trauma-Related Dissociation: Skills Training for Patients and Therapists. Onno van der Hart, Kathy Steele, Suzette Boon, patients and family members alike of dissociative therapy skills. It can be read in contrast to the book above.
The Haunted Self Structural Dissociation and the Treatment of Chronic Traumatization, Onno van der Hart, Ellert R. S. Nijenhuis etc., excellent book on structural dissociation.
Treating Survivors of Childhood Abuse Psychotherapy for the Interrupted Life, Marylene Cloitre, Lisa R Cohen etc. Childhood Abuse Trauma in Therapy.
Trauma Stewardship: an Everyday Guide to Caring for Self While Caring for Others, Laura Van Dernoot Lipsky, Connie Burk, Teaching therapists and habitual caregivers how to care for themselves.
Racial Melancholia, Racial Dissociation: On the Social and Psychic Lives of Asian Americans, David L Eng, Shinhee Han, Interpreting and healing cross-cultural trauma for Asian Americans.
Demystifying Mind Control and Ritual Abuse: a Manual for Therapists,
Alison Miller.
Healing the Unimaginable: Treating Ritual Abuse and Mind Control, Alison Miller, These two books are essential for the treatment of DID resulting from severe abuse.
Summary
Recovery from CPTSD cannot be accomplished by a single approach, it requires:
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Reorganization of traumatic memories
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Re-tuning of body sensations and the nervous system
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Reconstruction of emotional regulation
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Remodeling and integration of relational patterns
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Awareness and integration of deeper beliefs
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Integration of self-systems and restoration of identity security
Different therapeutic orientations have their own strengths, and the appropriate combination can be chosen based on the state of the clients. A multidimensional, empirically integrated treatment path is often more practical and effective for most recovering CPTSD clients.
About the Author:
Li Li, Registered Psychotherapist, Ontario, a registered psychotherapist in Ontario , integrates psychoanalysis, EMDR, IFS, Sensorimotor, EFT and other trauma-informed therapies, specializing in the healing of relational and complex trauma. Book a free consultation and join me on a journey of self-discovery.
